Metabolic Stress in the Transition Period of Dairy Cows: Focusing on the Prepartum Period

Metabolic responses of hepatic tissues on niacin treatment in dairy cows in the transition period

Metabolic Disorders in the Transition Period Indicate that the Dairy Cows' Ability to Adapt is Overstressed.

Metabolic disorders are a key problem in the transition period of dairy cows and often appear before the onset of further health problems. They mainly derive from difficulties the animals have in adapting to changes and disturbances occurring both outside and inside the organisms and due to varying gaps between nutrient supply and demand. Adaptation is a functional and target-oriented process i...

Relationships between rumination time, metabolic conditions, and health status in dairy cows during the transition period.

The main objective of this experiment was to monitor the rumination pattern during the transition period in primiparous (PR) and pluriparous (PL) dairy cows and to investigate its relationships with metabolic conditions, milk yield, and health status. The study was carried out in an experimental free-stall barn and involved 32 Italian Friesian cows (9 PR and 23 PL) during the transition phase. ...

Heat stress abatement during the dry period influences metabolic gene expression and improves immune status in the transition period of dairy cows.

Heat stress (HT) and photoperiod affect milk production and immune status of dairy cows. The objective was to evaluate the effects of HT abatement prepartum under controlled photoperiod on hepatic metabolic gene expression and cellular immune function of periparturient Holstein cows (n=21). Cows were dried off 46 d before expected calving date and assigned to treatments by mature equivalent mil...

critical period effects in foreign language learning:the influence of maturational state on the acquisition of reading,writing, and grammar in english as a foreign language

since the 1960s the age effects on learning both first and second language have been explored by many linguists and applied linguists (e.g lennerberg, 1967; schachter, 1996; long, 1990) and the existence of critical period for language acquisition was found to be a common ground of all these studies. in spite of some common findings, some issues about the impacts of age on acquiring a second or...